Pinealon — wholesale 10-vial kits

Research context

Pinealon is the synthetic tripeptide Glu-Asp-Arg, abbreviated EDR, one of the ultrashort regulatory peptides developed by Vladimir Khavinson's group at the St. Petersburg Institute of Bioregulation and Gerontology. It belongs to the same series as Epitalon and is described in that literature as directed at cortical and pineal tissue. PubChem indexes it under the name Glu-Asp-Arg.

For a three-residue molecule the charge arrangement is unusual and is central to the hypothesis about how it acts: two acidic side chains (glutamate, aspartate) next to one strongly basic guanidinium group (arginine), with no hydrophobic surface and no modification at either terminus. The proposal from the originating group is that peptides of this kind reach the nucleus and interact with specific DNA sequences or histone proteins, modulating transcription — an interaction model rather than a receptor model.

The supporting work is molecular and in vitro. A 2019 study in The Journal of Physical Chemistry B characterized how mono- and divalent ions mediate the Glu-Asp-Arg–DNA interaction at the molecular level, which is the most physically detailed evidence for direct binding. Fluorescence-labelling experiments published in Biochemistry (Moscow) in 2011 showed nuclear penetration of short labelled peptides, including EDR, in HeLa cells together with sequence-selective binding to deoxyribo-oligonucleotides. A 2011 study in Rejuvenation Research used cerebellar granule cells, neutrophils and PC12 cells under oxidative challenge and reported concentration-dependent restriction of reactive-oxygen-species accumulation, reduced necrotic cell death and delayed ERK1/2 activation; the authors separated the antioxidant readouts, which saturated at low concentrations, from proliferative-signaling effects that continued at higher ones. A 2021 systematic review in Molecules places EDR within the broader peptide–gene-expression framework. Neuronal-culture studies examine dendritic spine density and serotonin-related gene expression, and rodent work uses hypoxia and ischemia models.

Two limitations belong in any study design. First, the published record is essentially preclinical — in vitro and rodent — with no completed controlled human trials in the indexed English-language literature. Second, it originates almost entirely from one research network, so findings are best regarded as hypothesis-generating until independently reproduced. Both are reasons a well-characterized reference lot matters: replication work needs material whose identity and purity are documented.

Typical bench applications are electrophoretic-mobility-shift and spectroscopic DNA-binding assays, molecular-dynamics or docking studies that need a defined reference compound, confocal uptake studies with labelled analogs, ROS and viability panels (DCF, propidium iodide, MTT) in neuronal and immune cell lines, and gene-expression profiling. Regulatory position, stated factually: Pinealon is not FDA-approved, is not the active ingredient of any approved product, does not appear on FDA's 503A bulks list, and was not among the peptide substances covered by the October 2026 HHS interim enforcement-discretion notice. WholesalePeptide.us supplies it as a research reference standard for in-vitro, analytical and preclinical laboratory research.

At roughly 400 Da, Pinealon sits at the low end of what most peptide HPLC methods are tuned for. Check the method and wavelength listed on the lot COA when comparing purity values between suppliers.

Research areas

• peptide–DNA and peptide–histone interaction
• nuclear uptake of short peptides
• oxidative-stress cell-viability assays
• neuronal dendritic spine models
• gene-expression regulation by ultrashort peptides
• molecular-dynamics and docking studies of peptide–DNA binding
• reactive-oxygen-species assays in neuronal and immune cell lines

Handling and storage

• Store lyophilized vials at −20 °C, sealed, protected from light and moisture.
• Let the vial equilibrate to room temperature before opening to limit condensation.
• Reconstitute in an appropriate sterile buffer or solvent according to your laboratory SOP.
• Aliquot reconstituted material and avoid repeated freeze–thaw.